Properties

Label 31.32.2.a.1
Level $31$
Index $32$
Genus $2$
Analytic rank $0$
Cusps $2$
$\Q$-cusps $2$

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Invariants

Level: $31$ $\SL_2$-level: $31$ Newform level: $31$
Index: $32$ $\PSL_2$-index:$32$
Genus: $2 = 1 + \frac{ 32 }{12} - \frac{ 0 }{4} - \frac{ 2 }{3} - \frac{ 2 }{2}$
Cusps: $2$ (all of which are rational) Cusp widths $1\cdot31$ Cusp orbits $1^{2}$
Elliptic points: $0$ of order $2$ and $2$ of order $3$
Analytic rank: $0$
$\Q$-gonality: $2$
$\overline{\Q}$-gonality: $2$
Rational cusps: $2$
Rational CM points: none

Other labels

Cummins and Pauli (CP) label: 31A2
Rouse, Sutherland, and Zureick-Brown (RSZB) label: 31.32.2.1
Sutherland (S) label: 31B

Level structure

$\GL_2(\Z/31\Z)$-generators: $\begin{bmatrix}7&21\\0&17\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}23&4\\0&6\end{bmatrix}$
Contains $-I$: yes
Quadratic refinements: 31.64.2-31.a.1.1, 31.64.2-31.a.1.2, 62.64.2-31.a.1.1, 62.64.2-31.a.1.2, 93.64.2-31.a.1.1, 93.64.2-31.a.1.2, 124.64.2-31.a.1.1, 124.64.2-31.a.1.2, 124.64.2-31.a.1.3, 124.64.2-31.a.1.4, 155.64.2-31.a.1.1, 155.64.2-31.a.1.2, 186.64.2-31.a.1.1, 186.64.2-31.a.1.2, 217.64.2-31.a.1.1, 217.64.2-31.a.1.2, 248.64.2-31.a.1.1, 248.64.2-31.a.1.2, 248.64.2-31.a.1.3, 248.64.2-31.a.1.4, 248.64.2-31.a.1.5, 248.64.2-31.a.1.6, 248.64.2-31.a.1.7, 248.64.2-31.a.1.8, 310.64.2-31.a.1.1, 310.64.2-31.a.1.2
Cyclic 31-isogeny field degree: $1$
Cyclic 31-torsion field degree: $30$
Full 31-torsion field degree: $27900$

Jacobian

Conductor: $31^{2}$
Simple: yes
Squarefree: yes
Decomposition: $2$
Newforms: 31.2.a.a

Models

Embedded model Embedded model in $\mathbb{P}^{3}$

$ 0 $ $=$ $ 6 x y^{2} + 2 x y z - x y w - x z^{2} + 8 x z w + 9 x w^{2} + y^{3} + y^{2} z - y^{2} w + y w^{2} + \cdots + z w^{2} $
$=$ $18 x y^{2} + 6 x y z - 3 x y w - 3 x z^{2} - 7 x z w - 4 x w^{2} + 3 y^{3} + 3 y^{2} z - 2 y^{2} w + \cdots + w^{3}$
$=$ $4 x y^{2} - 9 x y z - 11 x y w - 11 x z^{2} - 5 x z w + 6 x w^{2} + y^{3} - 2 y^{2} w - 2 y z^{2} + \cdots + z w^{2}$
$=$ $10 x y^{2} - 7 x y z - 12 x y w + 19 x z^{2} + 3 x z w - 16 x w^{2} + 2 y^{3} - 2 y^{2} w + y z^{2} + \cdots + w^{3}$
$=$$\cdots$
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Singular plane model Singular plane model

$ 0 $ $=$ $ x^{4} - x^{3} y + 3 x^{3} z + 2 x^{2} y^{2} - 7 x^{2} y z + 6 x^{2} z^{2} + 5 x y^{3} - 3 x y^{2} z + \cdots + 3 z^{4} $
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Weierstrass model Weierstrass model

$ y^{2} + \left(x^{3} + x + 1\right) y $ $=$ $ -2x^{5} + x^{4} + 4x^{3} - 3x^{2} - 4x - 1 $
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Rational points

This modular curve has 2 rational cusps but no known non-cuspidal rational points. The following are the coordinates of the rational cusps on this modular curve.

Embedded model
$(0:1:-1:1)$, $(1:0:0:0)$

Maps between models of this curve

Birational map from embedded model to plane model:

$\displaystyle X$ $=$ $\displaystyle z$
$\displaystyle Y$ $=$ $\displaystyle y$
$\displaystyle Z$ $=$ $\displaystyle w$

Birational map from embedded model to Weierstrass model:

$\displaystyle X$ $=$ $\displaystyle y+z+w$
$\displaystyle Y$ $=$ $\displaystyle -2y^{3}-5y^{2}z-4y^{2}w-4yz^{2}-5yzw-yw^{2}-2z^{3}-3z^{2}w+w^{3}$
$\displaystyle Z$ $=$ $\displaystyle z+w$

Maps to other modular curves

$j$-invariant map of degree 32 from the embedded model of this modular curve to the modular curve $X(1)$ :

$\displaystyle j$ $=$ $\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{14658125312x^{6}w-176015714432x^{5}w^{2}+736561263808x^{4}w^{3}-1196192995048x^{3}w^{4}+534884388100x^{2}w^{5}+2571520204795xyz^{5}+2614513937546xyz^{4}w-676394162313xyz^{3}w^{2}-551315658652xyz^{2}w^{3}+130449315114xyzw^{4}-31868111260xyw^{5}+8780762518705xz^{6}+18030173230883xz^{5}w+6753603380995xz^{4}w^{2}-4195853761659xz^{3}w^{3}-1387215395386xz^{2}w^{4}+116600269930xzw^{5}-289233423084xw^{6}+1078307938305yz^{6}+2079279794795yz^{5}w+714178818509yz^{4}w^{2}-494817261233yz^{3}w^{3}-147371369680yz^{2}w^{4}+6228973180yzw^{5}-30773567820yw^{6}+866341562926z^{7}+1503105409708z^{6}w+146045872879z^{5}w^{2}-562650517415z^{4}w^{3}-10081964733z^{3}w^{4}+33013239083z^{2}w^{5}-27553235294zw^{6}+6950042454w^{7}}{118210688x^{5}w^{2}+9533120x^{4}w^{3}+930248x^{3}w^{4}+101060x^{2}w^{5}+1453249xyz^{5}+30274266xyz^{4}w+140028513xyz^{3}w^{2}+302601968xyz^{2}w^{3}+322326362xyzw^{4}+132730036xyw^{5}+3154563xz^{6}+118643021xz^{5}w+649537601xz^{4}w^{2}+1665883775xz^{3}w^{3}+2301396482xz^{2}w^{4}+1622239834xzw^{5}+451790652xw^{6}+299891yz^{6}+13680357yz^{5}w+75034207yz^{4}w^{2}+191297253yz^{3}w^{3}+261382048yz^{2}w^{4}+181088040yzw^{5}+49223724yw^{6}+338602z^{7}+11827036z^{6}w+61034933z^{5}w^{2}+145982199z^{4}w^{3}+179745681z^{3}w^{4}+96563489z^{2}w^{5}+2428974zw^{6}-10698754w^{7}}$

Modular covers

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Cover information

Click on a modular curve in the diagram to see information about it.

This modular curve minimally covers the modular curves listed below.

Covered curve Level Index Degree Genus Rank Kernel decomposition
$X(1)$ $1$ $32$ $32$ $0$ $0$ full Jacobian

This modular curve is minimally covered by the modular curves in the database listed below.

Covering curve Level Index Degree Genus Rank Kernel decomposition
31.96.6.a.1 $31$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $0$ $4$
31.96.6.a.2 $31$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $0$ $4$
31.96.6.b.1 $31$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $4$ $2^{2}$
31.160.6.a.1 $31$ $5$ $5$ $6$ $4$ $2^{2}$
31.160.6.b.1 $31$ $5$ $5$ $6$ $0$ $4$
31.160.6.b.2 $31$ $5$ $5$ $6$ $0$ $4$
31.160.6.c.1 $31$ $5$ $5$ $6$ $0$ $4$
31.160.6.c.2 $31$ $5$ $5$ $6$ $0$ $4$
$X_{\mathrm{sp}}(31)$ $31$ $31$ $31$ $67$ $28$ $2^{7}\cdot3\cdot4\cdot8^{2}\cdot12\cdot16$
62.64.4.a.1 $62$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $1$ $1^{2}$
62.64.4.b.1 $62$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $2$ $1^{2}$
$X_0(62)$ $62$ $3$ $3$ $7$ $0$ $1\cdot2^{2}$
93.96.8.a.1 $93$ $3$ $3$ $8$ $?$ not computed
$X_0(93)$ $93$ $4$ $4$ $9$ $?$ not computed
124.64.4.a.1 $124$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
124.64.4.b.1 $124$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
124.128.10.a.1 $124$ $4$ $4$ $10$ $?$ not computed
155.160.12.a.1 $155$ $5$ $5$ $12$ $?$ not computed
$X_0(155)$ $155$ $6$ $6$ $15$ $?$ not computed
186.64.4.a.1 $186$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
186.64.4.b.1 $186$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.a.1 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.a.2 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.b.1 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.b.2 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.c.1 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
217.96.6.c.2 $217$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
$X_0(217)$ $217$ $8$ $8$ $19$ $?$ not computed
248.64.4.a.1 $248$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
248.64.4.b.1 $248$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
248.64.4.c.1 $248$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
248.64.4.d.1 $248$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.a.1 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.a.2 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.b.1 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.b.2 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.c.1 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
279.96.6.c.2 $279$ $3$ $3$ $6$ $?$ not computed
310.64.4.a.1 $310$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed
310.64.4.b.1 $310$ $2$ $2$ $4$ $?$ not computed