Invariants
| Level: | $168$ | $\SL_2$-level: | $8$ | ||||
| Index: | $48$ | $\PSL_2$-index: | $24$ | ||||
| Genus: | $0 = 1 + \frac{ 24 }{12} - \frac{ 0 }{4} - \frac{ 0 }{3} - \frac{ 6 }{2}$ | ||||||
| Cusps: | $6$ (of which $2$ are rational) | Cusp widths | $2^{2}\cdot4^{3}\cdot8$ | Cusp orbits | $1^{2}\cdot2^{2}$ | ||
| Elliptic points: | $0$ of order $2$ and $0$ of order $3$ | ||||||
| $\Q$-gonality: | $1$ | ||||||
| $\overline{\Q}$-gonality: | $1$ | ||||||
| Rational cusps: | $2$ | ||||||
| Rational CM points: | none |
Other labels
| Cummins and Pauli (CP) label: | 8J0 |
Level structure
| $\GL_2(\Z/168\Z)$-generators: | $\begin{bmatrix}53&160\\98&155\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}81&128\\154&57\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}103&156\\50&31\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}119&72\\162&47\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}151&8\\150&61\end{bmatrix}$, $\begin{bmatrix}165&116\\142&113\end{bmatrix}$ |
| Contains $-I$: | no $\quad$ (see 8.24.0.d.1 for the level structure with $-I$) |
| Cyclic 168-isogeny field degree: | $64$ |
| Cyclic 168-torsion field degree: | $3072$ |
| Full 168-torsion field degree: | $3096576$ |
Models
This modular curve is isomorphic to $\mathbb{P}^1$.
Rational points
This modular curve has infinitely many rational points, including 136 stored non-cuspidal points.
Maps to other modular curves
$j$-invariant map of degree 24 to the modular curve $X(1)$ :
| $\displaystyle j$ | $=$ | $\displaystyle 2^2\,\frac{x^{24}(256x^{8}+256x^{6}y^{2}+80x^{4}y^{4}+8x^{2}y^{6}+y^{8})^{3}}{y^{8}x^{28}(2x^{2}+y^{2})^{2}(4x^{2}+y^{2})^{4}}$ |
Modular covers
This modular curve minimally covers the modular curves listed below.
| Covered curve | Level | Index | Degree | Genus | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 168.24.0-4.b.1.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ | $?$ |
| 168.24.0-4.b.1.2 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ | $?$ |
This modular curve is minimally covered by the modular curves in the database listed below.
| Covering curve | Level | Index | Degree | Genus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 168.96.0-8.a.1.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.b.2.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.d.1.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.e.1.3 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.g.1.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.g.2.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.g.1.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.h.1.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.h.2.13 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.h.2.11 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.j.1.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-8.k.2.1 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.k.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.k.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.l.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.l.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.o.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.p.1.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.p.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.q.2.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.s.2.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.t.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-56.t.1.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-24.u.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.x.1.10 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.z.2.22 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bf.2.20 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bh.2.2 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bn.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bp.1.11 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bv.2.12 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.0-168.bx.1.8 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $0$ |
| 168.96.1-8.e.2.3 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-8.i.1.6 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-8.l.1.5 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-8.m.2.5 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-24.bc.2.4 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-56.bc.2.2 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-24.bd.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-56.bd.2.5 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-24.bg.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-56.bg.2.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-24.bh.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-56.bh.1.7 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-168.ds.2.18 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-168.du.2.21 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-168.ea.2.28 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.96.1-168.ec.2.2 | $168$ | $2$ | $2$ | $1$ |
| 168.144.4-24.s.2.11 | $168$ | $3$ | $3$ | $4$ |
| 168.192.3-24.bn.2.38 | $168$ | $4$ | $4$ | $3$ |
| 168.384.11-56.p.2.1 | $168$ | $8$ | $8$ | $11$ |