L-functions can be organized by degree. All known degree 3 L-functions have a functional equation of one of the two forms $\Lambda(s) := N^{s/2} \, \Gamma_{\mathbb R}(s + \delta + i \mu) \, \Gamma_{\mathbb C}\left(s + \nu - i \frac{\mu}{2}\right) \cdot L(s) = \varepsilon \overline{\Lambda}(1-s)$ or $\Lambda(s) := N^{s/2} \, \Gamma_{\mathbb R}(s+\delta_1 + i \mu_1) \, \Gamma_{\mathbb R}(s+\delta_2 + i \mu_2) \, \Gamma_{\mathbb R}(s+\delta_3 - i (\mu_1 + \mu_2)) \cdot L(s) = \varepsilon \overline{\Lambda}(1-s),$ and an Euler product of the form $L(s)= \prod_{p|N} \left(1-a_p\, p^{-s} + (a_p^2 - a_{p^2})\, p^{-2s}\right)^{-1}. \prod_{p\nmid N} \left(1-a_p\, p^{-s}-\chi(p) \, \overline{a_p} \, p^{-2s} +\chi(p) \, p^{-3s}\right)^{-1}.$ Here $N$ is the level of the L-function, and $\chi$, known as the central character, is a primitive Dirichlet character of conductor dividing $N$. The parameter $\nu$ is a positive integer or half-integer, the parameter $\mu_j$ is real, and $\delta_j$ is 0 or 1. If the central character is even (or odd) then either $2\nu + 1 + \delta$ or $\delta_1 + \delta_2 + \delta_3$ is even (or odd).

## Browse Degree 3 L-functions

A sampling of degree 3 L-functions is in the table below. You can also search more complete list of degree 3 L-functions, or browse by underlying object:

 First complexcritical zero Underlyingobject $N$ $\chi$ arithmetic self-dual $\delta,\nu$ $\mu$ $\delta_1,\delta_2,\delta_3$ $\mu_1,\mu_2$ $\varepsilon$ 6.42223 Maass 1 - ○ ○ 0,0,0 16.40312, 0.17112 1 3.89928 elliptic curve 121 - ● ● 0(?),$1$ 0 1