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Properties

Label 432.b1
Conductor $432$
Discriminant $-161243136$
j-invariant \( -\frac{132651}{2} \)
CM no
Rank $1$
Torsion structure trivial

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Minimal Weierstrass equation

Minimal Weierstrass equation

Simplified equation

\(y^2=x^3-459x+3834\) Copy content Toggle raw display (homogenize, simplify)
\(y^2z=x^3-459xz^2+3834z^3\) Copy content Toggle raw display (dehomogenize, simplify)
\(y^2=x^3-459x+3834\) Copy content Toggle raw display (homogenize, minimize)

Copy content comment:Define the curve
 
Copy content sage:E = EllipticCurve([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834])
 
Copy content gp:E = ellinit([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834])
 
Copy content magma:E := EllipticCurve([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834]);
 
Copy content oscar:E = elliptic_curve([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834])
 
Copy content comment:Simplified equation
 
Copy content sage:E.short_weierstrass_model()
 
Copy content magma:WeierstrassModel(E);
 
Copy content oscar:short_weierstrass_model(E)
 

Mordell-Weil group structure

\(\Z\)

Copy content comment:Mordell-Weil group
 
Copy content magma:MordellWeilGroup(E);
 

Mordell-Weil generators

$P$$\hat{h}(P)$Order
$(-3, 72)$$0.077107140053384629353304773244$$\infty$

Integral points

\((-17,\pm 82)\), \((-3,\pm 72)\), \((6,\pm 36)\), \((13,\pm 8)\), \((15,\pm 18)\), \((141,\pm 1656)\) Copy content Toggle raw display

Copy content comment:Integral points
 
Copy content sage:E.integral_points()
 
Copy content magma:IntegralPoints(E);
 

Invariants

Conductor: $N$  =  \( 432 \) = $2^{4} \cdot 3^{3}$
Copy content comment:Conductor
 
Copy content sage:E.conductor().factor()
 
Copy content gp:ellglobalred(E)[1]
 
Copy content magma:Conductor(E);
 
Copy content oscar:conductor(E)
 
Discriminant: $\Delta$  =  $-161243136$ = $-1 \cdot 2^{13} \cdot 3^{9} $
Copy content comment:Discriminant
 
Copy content sage:E.discriminant().factor()
 
Copy content gp:E.disc
 
Copy content magma:Discriminant(E);
 
Copy content oscar:discriminant(E)
 
j-invariant: $j$  =  \( -\frac{132651}{2} \) = $-1 \cdot 2^{-1} \cdot 3^{3} \cdot 17^{3}$
Copy content comment:j-invariant
 
Copy content sage:E.j_invariant().factor()
 
Copy content gp:E.j
 
Copy content magma:jInvariant(E);
 
Copy content oscar:j_invariant(E)
 
Endomorphism ring: $\mathrm{End}(E)$ = $\Z$
Geometric endomorphism ring: $\mathrm{End}(E_{\overline{\Q}})$  =  \(\Z\)    (no potential complex multiplication)
Copy content comment:Potential complex multiplication
 
Copy content sage:E.has_cm()
 
Copy content magma:HasComplexMultiplication(E);
 
Sato-Tate group: $\mathrm{ST}(E)$ = $\mathrm{SU}(2)$
Faltings height: $h_{\mathrm{Faltings}}$ ≈ $0.37794275246003414239336243646$
Copy content comment:Faltings height
 
Copy content gp:ellheight(E)
 
Copy content magma:FaltingsHeight(E);
 
Copy content oscar:faltings_height(E)
 
Stable Faltings height: $h_{\mathrm{stable}}$ ≈ $-1.1391636446009934355703036127$
Copy content comment:Stable Faltings height
 
Copy content magma:StableFaltingsHeight(E);
 
Copy content oscar:stable_faltings_height(E)
 
$abc$ quality: $Q$ ≈ $1.094532742732785$
Szpiro ratio: $\sigma_{m}$ ≈ $4.947984110242243$

BSD invariants

Analytic rank: $r_{\mathrm{an}}$ = $ 1$
Copy content comment:Analytic rank
 
Copy content sage:E.analytic_rank()
 
Copy content gp:ellanalyticrank(E)
 
Copy content magma:AnalyticRank(E);
 
Mordell-Weil rank: $r$ = $ 1$
Copy content comment:Mordell-Weil rank
 
Copy content sage:E.rank()
 
Copy content gp:[lower,upper] = ellrank(E)
 
Copy content magma:Rank(E);
 
Regulator: $\mathrm{Reg}(E/\Q)$ ≈ $0.077107140053384629353304773244$
Copy content comment:Regulator
 
Copy content sage:E.regulator()
 
Copy content gp:G = E.gen \\ if available matdet(ellheightmatrix(E,G))
 
Copy content magma:Regulator(E);
 
Real period: $\Omega$ ≈ $1.8227448641586689657624025922$
Copy content comment:Real Period
 
Copy content sage:E.period_lattice().omega()
 
Copy content gp:if(E.disc>0,2,1)*E.omega[1]
 
Copy content magma:(Discriminant(E) gt 0 select 2 else 1) * RealPeriod(E);
 
Tamagawa product: $\prod_{p}c_p$ = $ 12 $  = $ 2^{2}\cdot3 $
Copy content comment:Tamagawa numbers
 
Copy content sage:E.tamagawa_numbers()
 
Copy content gp:gr=ellglobalred(E); [[gr[4][i,1],gr[5][i][4]] | i<-[1..#gr[4][,1]]]
 
Copy content magma:TamagawaNumbers(E);
 
Copy content oscar:tamagawa_numbers(E)
 
Torsion order: $\#E(\Q)_{\mathrm{tor}}$ = $1$
Copy content comment:Torsion order
 
Copy content sage:E.torsion_order()
 
Copy content gp:elltors(E)[1]
 
Copy content magma:Order(TorsionSubgroup(E));
 
Copy content oscar:prod(torsion_structure(E)[1])
 
Special value: $ L'(E,1)$ ≈ $1.6865597222672403496253662104 $
Copy content comment:Special L-value
 
Copy content sage:r = E.rank(); E.lseries().dokchitser().derivative(1,r)/r.factorial()
 
Copy content gp:[r,L1r] = ellanalyticrank(E); L1r/r!
 
Copy content magma:Lr1 where r,Lr1 := AnalyticRank(E: Precision:=12);
 
Analytic order of Ш: Ш${}_{\mathrm{an}}$  ≈  $1$    (rounded)
Copy content comment:Order of Sha
 
Copy content sage:E.sha().an_numerical()
 
Copy content magma:MordellWeilShaInformation(E);
 

BSD formula

$$\begin{aligned} 1.686559722 \approx L'(E,1) & = \frac{\# ะจ(E/\Q)\cdot \Omega_E \cdot \mathrm{Reg}(E/\Q) \cdot \prod_p c_p}{\#E(\Q)_{\rm tor}^2} \\ & \approx \frac{1 \cdot 1.822745 \cdot 0.077107 \cdot 12}{1^2} \\ & \approx 1.686559722\end{aligned}$$

Copy content comment:BSD formula
 
Copy content sage:# self-contained SageMath code snippet for the BSD formula (checks rank, computes analytic sha) E = EllipticCurve([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834]); r = E.rank(); ar = E.analytic_rank(); assert r == ar; Lr1 = E.lseries().dokchitser().derivative(1,r)/r.factorial(); sha = E.sha().an_numerical(); omega = E.period_lattice().omega(); reg = E.regulator(); tam = E.tamagawa_product(); tor = E.torsion_order(); assert r == ar; print("analytic sha: " + str(RR(Lr1) * tor^2 / (omega * reg * tam)))
 
Copy content magma:/* self-contained Magma code snippet for the BSD formula (checks rank, computes analytic sha) */ E := EllipticCurve([0, 0, 0, -459, 3834]); r := Rank(E); ar,Lr1 := AnalyticRank(E: Precision := 12); assert r eq ar; sha := MordellWeilShaInformation(E); omega := RealPeriod(E) * (Discriminant(E) gt 0 select 2 else 1); reg := Regulator(E); tam := &*TamagawaNumbers(E); tor := #TorsionSubgroup(E); assert r eq ar; print "analytic sha:", Lr1 * tor^2 / (omega * reg * tam);
 

Modular invariants

Modular form   432.2.a.b

\( q - 3 q^{5} + q^{7} - 3 q^{11} - 4 q^{13} - 2 q^{19} + O(q^{20}) \) Copy content Toggle raw display

Copy content comment:q-expansion of modular form
 
Copy content sage:E.q_eigenform(20)
 
Copy content gp:\\ actual modular form, use for small N [mf,F] = mffromell(E) Ser(mfcoefs(mf,20),q) \\ or just the series Ser(ellan(E,20),q)*q
 
Copy content magma:ModularForm(E);
 

For more coefficients, see the Downloads section to the right.

Modular degree: 144
Copy content comment:Modular degree
 
Copy content sage:E.modular_degree()
 
Copy content gp:ellmoddegree(E)
 
Copy content magma:ModularDegree(E);
 
$ \Gamma_0(N) $-optimal: no
Manin constant: 1
Copy content comment:Manin constant
 
Copy content magma:ManinConstant(E);
 

Local data at primes of bad reduction

This elliptic curve is not semistable. There are 2 primes $p$ of bad reduction:

$p$ Tamagawa number Kodaira symbol Reduction type Root number $\mathrm{ord}_p(N)$ $\mathrm{ord}_p(\Delta)$ $\mathrm{ord}_p(\mathrm{den}(j))$
$2$ $4$ $I_{5}^{*}$ additive -1 4 13 1
$3$ $3$ $IV^{*}$ additive -1 3 9 0

Copy content comment:Local data
 
Copy content sage:E.local_data()
 
Copy content gp:ellglobalred(E)[5]
 
Copy content magma:[LocalInformation(E,p) : p in BadPrimes(E)];
 
Copy content oscar:[(p,tamagawa_number(E,p), kodaira_symbol(E,p), reduction_type(E,p)) for p in bad_primes(E)]
 

Galois representations

The $\ell$-adic Galois representation has maximal image for all primes $\ell$ except those listed in the table below.

prime $\ell$ mod-$\ell$ image $\ell$-adic image
$3$ 3B 9.36.0.5

Copy content comment:Mod p Galois image
 
Copy content sage:rho = E.galois_representation(); [rho.image_type(p) for p in rho.non_surjective()]
 
Copy content magma:[GaloisRepresentation(E,p): p in PrimesUpTo(20)];
 

Copy content comment:Adelic image of Galois representation
 
Copy content sage:gens = [[10, 9, 9, 1], [1, 18, 10, 37], [37, 18, 27, 11], [1, 18, 0, 1], [55, 18, 54, 19], [1, 0, 18, 1], [17, 54, 0, 71], [37, 18, 45, 19]] GL(2,Integers(72)).subgroup(gens)
 
Copy content magma:Gens := [[10, 9, 9, 1], [1, 18, 10, 37], [37, 18, 27, 11], [1, 18, 0, 1], [55, 18, 54, 19], [1, 0, 18, 1], [17, 54, 0, 71], [37, 18, 45, 19]]; sub<GL(2,Integers(72))|Gens>;
 

The image $H:=\rho_E(\Gal(\overline{\Q}/\Q))$ of the adelic Galois representation has level \( 72 = 2^{3} \cdot 3^{2} \), index $144$, genus $3$, and generators

$\left(\begin{array}{rr} 10 & 9 \\ 9 & 1 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 1 & 18 \\ 10 & 37 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 37 & 18 \\ 27 & 11 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 1 & 18 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 55 & 18 \\ 54 & 19 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 1 & 0 \\ 18 & 1 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 17 & 54 \\ 0 & 71 \end{array}\right),\left(\begin{array}{rr} 37 & 18 \\ 45 & 19 \end{array}\right)$.

Input positive integer $m$ to see the generators of the reduction of $H$ to $\mathrm{GL}_2(\Z/m\Z)$:

The torsion field $K:=\Q(E[72])$ is a degree-$41472$ Galois extension of $\Q$ with $\Gal(K/\Q)$ isomorphic to the projection of $H$ to $\GL_2(\Z/72\Z)$.

The table below list all primes $\ell$ for which the Serre invariants associated to the mod-$\ell$ Galois representation are exceptional.

$\ell$ Reduction type Serre weight Serre conductor
$2$ additive $4$ \( 27 = 3^{3} \)
$3$ additive $2$ \( 8 = 2^{3} \)

Isogenies

Copy content comment:Isogenies
 
Copy content gp:ellisomat(E)
 

This curve has non-trivial cyclic isogenies of degree $d$ for $d=$ 3 and 9.
Its isogeny class 432.b consists of 3 curves linked by isogenies of degrees dividing 9.

Twists

The minimal quadratic twist of this elliptic curve is 54.a2, its twist by $12$.

Growth of torsion in number fields

The number fields $K$ of degree less than 24 such that $E(K)_{\rm tors}$ is strictly larger than $E(\Q)_{\rm tors}$ (which is trivial) are as follows:

$[K:\Q]$ $K$ $E(K)_{\rm tors}$ Base change curve
$2$ \(\Q(\sqrt{3}) \) \(\Z/3\Z\) 2.2.12.1-162.1-b1
$3$ 3.1.216.1 \(\Z/2\Z\) not in database
$6$ 6.0.1119744.1 \(\Z/2\Z \oplus \Z/2\Z\) not in database
$6$ 6.0.186624.1 \(\Z/3\Z\) not in database
$6$ \(\Q(\zeta_{36})^+\) \(\Z/9\Z\) not in database
$6$ 6.2.2239488.3 \(\Z/6\Z\) not in database
$12$ 12.2.1925877696823296.6 \(\Z/4\Z\) not in database
$12$ 12.0.313456656384.1 \(\Z/3\Z \oplus \Z/3\Z\) not in database
$12$ 12.0.25389989167104.5 \(\Z/9\Z\) not in database
$12$ 12.0.80244904034304.5 \(\Z/2\Z \oplus \Z/6\Z\) not in database
$18$ 18.0.124354079842912513818624.1 \(\Z/9\Z\) not in database
$18$ 18.0.4852102490441335701504.1 \(\Z/6\Z\) not in database
$18$ 18.6.663221759162200073699328.1 \(\Z/18\Z\) not in database

We only show fields where the torsion growth is primitive.

Iwasawa invariants

$p$ 2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47
Reduction type add add ord ord ord ord ss ord ord ord ord ord ord ord ord
$\lambda$-invariant(s) - - 1 1 1 5 1,3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
$\mu$-invariant(s) - - 0 0 0 0 0,0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

An entry - indicates that the invariants are not computed because the reduction is additive.

$p$-adic regulators

$p$-adic regulators are not yet computed for curves that are not $\Gamma_0$-optimal.