Properties

 Label 168.2.ba.a Level 168 Weight 2 Character orbit 168.ba Analytic conductor 1.341 Analytic rank 0 Dimension 4 CM discriminant -24 Inner twists 4

Related objects

Newspace parameters

 Level: $$N$$ = $$168 = 2^{3} \cdot 3 \cdot 7$$ Weight: $$k$$ = $$2$$ Character orbit: $$[\chi]$$ = 168.ba (of order $$6$$, degree $$2$$, minimal)

Newform invariants

 Self dual: no Analytic conductor: $$1.34148675396$$ Analytic rank: $$0$$ Dimension: $$4$$ Relative dimension: $$2$$ over $$\Q(\zeta_{6})$$ Coefficient field: $$\Q(\sqrt{2}, \sqrt{-3})$$ Coefficient ring: $$\Z[a_1, a_2, a_3]$$ Coefficient ring index: $$1$$ Twist minimal: yes Sato-Tate group: $\mathrm{U}(1)[D_{6}]$

$q$-expansion

Coefficients of the $$q$$-expansion are expressed in terms of a basis $$1,\beta_1,\beta_2,\beta_3$$ for the coefficient ring described below. We also show the integral $$q$$-expansion of the trace form.

 $$f(q)$$ $$=$$ $$q + \beta_{1} q^{2} + ( -2 - \beta_{2} ) q^{3} + 2 \beta_{2} q^{4} + ( 1 - \beta_{1} - \beta_{2} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{5} + ( -2 \beta_{1} - \beta_{3} ) q^{6} + ( \beta_{1} + \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{7} + 2 \beta_{3} q^{8} + ( 3 + 3 \beta_{2} ) q^{9} +O(q^{10})$$ $$q + \beta_{1} q^{2} + ( -2 - \beta_{2} ) q^{3} + 2 \beta_{2} q^{4} + ( 1 - \beta_{1} - \beta_{2} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{5} + ( -2 \beta_{1} - \beta_{3} ) q^{6} + ( \beta_{1} + \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{7} + 2 \beta_{3} q^{8} + ( 3 + 3 \beta_{2} ) q^{9} + ( 4 + \beta_{1} + 2 \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{10} + ( -2 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{2} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{11} + ( 2 - 2 \beta_{2} ) q^{12} + ( 2 + 4 \beta_{2} + \beta_{3} ) q^{14} + ( -3 + 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{15} + ( -4 - 4 \beta_{2} ) q^{16} + ( 3 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{18} + ( 2 + 4 \beta_{1} + 4 \beta_{2} + 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{20} + ( 1 - 3 \beta_{1} - \beta_{2} ) q^{21} + ( 4 + 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{22} + ( 2 \beta_{1} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{24} + ( -6 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{2} - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{25} + ( -3 - 6 \beta_{2} ) q^{27} + ( -2 + 2 \beta_{1} - 2 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{28} + ( -9 + \beta_{3} ) q^{29} + ( -6 - 3 \beta_{1} - 6 \beta_{2} ) q^{30} + ( -10 + \beta_{1} - 5 \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{31} + ( -4 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{32} + ( 3 + 2 \beta_{1} - 3 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{33} + ( 7 + 2 \beta_{1} + 2 \beta_{2} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{35} -6 q^{36} + ( -4 + 2 \beta_{1} + 4 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{40} + ( \beta_{1} - 6 \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{42} + ( -6 + 4 \beta_{1} - 6 \beta_{2} ) q^{44} + ( 6 + 3 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{2} - 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{45} + ( 4 + 8 \beta_{2} ) q^{48} + ( 5 + 2 \beta_{1} + 5 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{49} + ( 12 - 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{50} + ( 5 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{2} + 5 \beta_{3} ) q^{53} + ( -3 \beta_{1} - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{54} + ( -1 + 2 \beta_{1} - 2 \beta_{2} + \beta_{3} ) q^{55} + ( -8 - 2 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{2} - 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{56} + ( -2 - 9 \beta_{1} - 2 \beta_{2} ) q^{58} + ( 6 - 4 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{59} + ( -6 \beta_{1} - 6 \beta_{2} - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{60} + ( 2 - 10 \beta_{1} + 4 \beta_{2} - 5 \beta_{3} ) q^{62} + ( -3 + 6 \beta_{1} + 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{63} + 8 q^{64} + ( -8 + 3 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{2} - 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{66} + ( 4 + 7 \beta_{1} + 8 \beta_{2} + 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{70} -6 \beta_{1} q^{72} + ( 4 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{73} + ( -4 + 6 \beta_{1} + 4 \beta_{2} + 12 \beta_{3} ) q^{75} + ( 1 + 5 \beta_{1} - 7 \beta_{2} + 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{77} + ( 5 - 9 \beta_{1} + 5 \beta_{2} ) q^{79} + ( -8 - 4 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{2} + 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{80} + 9 \beta_{2} q^{81} + ( -5 + 4 \beta_{1} - 10 \beta_{2} + 2 \beta_{3} ) q^{83} + ( 2 + 4 \beta_{2} - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{84} + ( 18 + \beta_{1} + 9 \beta_{2} - \beta_{3} ) q^{87} + ( -6 \beta_{1} + 8 \beta_{2} - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{88} + ( 6 + 6 \beta_{1} + 12 \beta_{2} + 3 \beta_{3} ) q^{90} + ( 15 - 3 \beta_{1} + 15 \beta_{2} ) q^{93} + ( 4 \beta_{1} + 8 \beta_{3} ) q^{96} + ( -1 - 8 \beta_{1} - 2 \beta_{2} - 4 \beta_{3} ) q^{97} + ( -8 + 5 \beta_{1} - 4 \beta_{2} + 5 \beta_{3} ) q^{98} + ( -9 - 6 \beta_{3} ) q^{99} +O(q^{100})$$ $$\operatorname{Tr}(f)(q)$$ $$=$$ $$4q - 6q^{3} - 4q^{4} + 6q^{5} - 2q^{7} + 6q^{9} + O(q^{10})$$ $$4q - 6q^{3} - 4q^{4} + 6q^{5} - 2q^{7} + 6q^{9} + 12q^{10} - 6q^{11} + 12q^{12} - 12q^{15} - 8q^{16} + 6q^{21} + 16q^{22} + 8q^{25} - 4q^{28} - 36q^{29} - 12q^{30} - 30q^{31} + 18q^{33} + 24q^{35} - 24q^{36} - 24q^{40} + 12q^{42} - 12q^{44} + 18q^{45} + 10q^{49} + 48q^{50} - 6q^{53} - 24q^{56} - 4q^{58} + 18q^{59} + 12q^{60} - 12q^{63} + 32q^{64} - 24q^{66} - 24q^{75} + 18q^{77} + 10q^{79} - 24q^{80} - 18q^{81} + 54q^{87} - 16q^{88} + 30q^{93} - 24q^{98} - 36q^{99} + O(q^{100})$$

Basis of coefficient ring in terms of a root $$\nu$$ of $$x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 4$$:

 $$\beta_{0}$$ $$=$$ $$1$$ $$\beta_{1}$$ $$=$$ $$\nu$$ $$\beta_{2}$$ $$=$$ $$\nu^{2}$$$$/2$$ $$\beta_{3}$$ $$=$$ $$\nu^{3}$$$$/2$$
 $$1$$ $$=$$ $$\beta_0$$ $$\nu$$ $$=$$ $$\beta_{1}$$ $$\nu^{2}$$ $$=$$ $$2 \beta_{2}$$ $$\nu^{3}$$ $$=$$ $$2 \beta_{3}$$

Character values

We give the values of $$\chi$$ on generators for $$\left(\mathbb{Z}/168\mathbb{Z}\right)^\times$$.

 $$n$$ $$73$$ $$85$$ $$113$$ $$127$$ $$\chi(n)$$ $$1 + \beta_{2}$$ $$-1$$ $$-1$$ $$1$$

Embeddings

For each embedding $$\iota_m$$ of the coefficient field, the values $$\iota_m(a_n)$$ are shown below.

For more information on an embedded modular form you can click on its label.

Label $$\iota_m(\nu)$$ $$a_{2}$$ $$a_{3}$$ $$a_{4}$$ $$a_{5}$$ $$a_{6}$$ $$a_{7}$$ $$a_{8}$$ $$a_{9}$$ $$a_{10}$$
5.1
 −0.707107 + 1.22474i 0.707107 − 1.22474i −0.707107 − 1.22474i 0.707107 + 1.22474i
−0.707107 + 1.22474i −1.50000 + 0.866025i −1.00000 1.73205i −0.621320 0.358719i 2.44949i −2.62132 + 0.358719i 2.82843 1.50000 2.59808i 0.878680 0.507306i
5.2 0.707107 1.22474i −1.50000 + 0.866025i −1.00000 1.73205i 3.62132 + 2.09077i 2.44949i 1.62132 2.09077i −2.82843 1.50000 2.59808i 5.12132 2.95680i
101.1 −0.707107 1.22474i −1.50000 0.866025i −1.00000 + 1.73205i −0.621320 + 0.358719i 2.44949i −2.62132 0.358719i 2.82843 1.50000 + 2.59808i 0.878680 + 0.507306i
101.2 0.707107 + 1.22474i −1.50000 0.866025i −1.00000 + 1.73205i 3.62132 2.09077i 2.44949i 1.62132 + 2.09077i −2.82843 1.50000 + 2.59808i 5.12132 + 2.95680i
 $$n$$: e.g. 2-40 or 990-1000 Significant digits: Format: Complex embeddings Normalized embeddings Satake parameters Satake angles

Inner twists

Char Parity Ord Mult Type
1.a even 1 1 trivial
24.h odd 2 1 CM by $$\Q(\sqrt{-6})$$
7.d odd 6 1 inner
168.ba even 6 1 inner

Twists

By twisting character orbit
Char Parity Ord Mult Type Twist Min Dim
1.a even 1 1 trivial 168.2.ba.a 4
3.b odd 2 1 168.2.ba.b yes 4
4.b odd 2 1 672.2.bi.b 4
7.d odd 6 1 inner 168.2.ba.a 4
8.b even 2 1 168.2.ba.b yes 4
8.d odd 2 1 672.2.bi.a 4
12.b even 2 1 672.2.bi.a 4
21.g even 6 1 168.2.ba.b yes 4
24.f even 2 1 672.2.bi.b 4
24.h odd 2 1 CM 168.2.ba.a 4
28.f even 6 1 672.2.bi.b 4
56.j odd 6 1 168.2.ba.b yes 4
56.m even 6 1 672.2.bi.a 4
84.j odd 6 1 672.2.bi.a 4
168.ba even 6 1 inner 168.2.ba.a 4
168.be odd 6 1 672.2.bi.b 4

By twisted newform orbit
Twist Min Dim Char Parity Ord Mult Type
168.2.ba.a 4 1.a even 1 1 trivial
168.2.ba.a 4 7.d odd 6 1 inner
168.2.ba.a 4 24.h odd 2 1 CM
168.2.ba.a 4 168.ba even 6 1 inner
168.2.ba.b yes 4 3.b odd 2 1
168.2.ba.b yes 4 8.b even 2 1
168.2.ba.b yes 4 21.g even 6 1
168.2.ba.b yes 4 56.j odd 6 1
672.2.bi.a 4 8.d odd 2 1
672.2.bi.a 4 12.b even 2 1
672.2.bi.a 4 56.m even 6 1
672.2.bi.a 4 84.j odd 6 1
672.2.bi.b 4 4.b odd 2 1
672.2.bi.b 4 24.f even 2 1
672.2.bi.b 4 28.f even 6 1
672.2.bi.b 4 168.be odd 6 1

Hecke kernels

This newform subspace can be constructed as the kernel of the linear operator $$T_{5}^{4} - 6 T_{5}^{3} + 9 T_{5}^{2} + 18 T_{5} + 9$$ acting on $$S_{2}^{\mathrm{new}}(168, [\chi])$$.

Hecke Characteristic Polynomials

$p$ $F_p(T)$
$2$ $$1 + 2 T^{2} + 4 T^{4}$$
$3$ $$( 1 + 3 T + 3 T^{2} )^{2}$$
$5$ $$( 1 - 6 T + 17 T^{2} - 30 T^{3} + 25 T^{4} )( 1 + 2 T^{2} + 25 T^{4} )$$
$7$ $$1 + 2 T - 3 T^{2} + 14 T^{3} + 49 T^{4}$$
$11$ $$( 1 - 10 T^{2} + 121 T^{4} )( 1 + 6 T + 23 T^{2} + 66 T^{3} + 121 T^{4} )$$
$13$ $$( 1 + 13 T^{2} )^{4}$$
$17$ $$( 1 - 17 T^{2} + 289 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$19$ $$( 1 - 19 T^{2} + 361 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$23$ $$( 1 + 23 T^{2} + 529 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$29$ $$( 1 + 18 T + 137 T^{2} + 522 T^{3} + 841 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$31$ $$( 1 + 10 T + 31 T^{2} )^{2}( 1 + 10 T + 69 T^{2} + 310 T^{3} + 961 T^{4} )$$
$37$ $$( 1 + 37 T^{2} + 1369 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$41$ $$( 1 + 41 T^{2} )^{4}$$
$43$ $$( 1 - 43 T^{2} )^{4}$$
$47$ $$( 1 - 47 T^{2} + 2209 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$53$ $$( 1 - 94 T^{2} + 2809 T^{4} )( 1 + 6 T + 65 T^{2} + 318 T^{3} + 2809 T^{4} )$$
$59$ $$( 1 - 18 T + 167 T^{2} - 1062 T^{3} + 3481 T^{4} )( 1 - 10 T^{2} + 3481 T^{4} )$$
$61$ $$( 1 - 61 T^{2} + 3721 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$67$ $$( 1 + 67 T^{2} + 4489 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$71$ $$( 1 - 71 T^{2} )^{4}$$
$73$ $$( 1 - 14 T + 123 T^{2} - 1022 T^{3} + 5329 T^{4} )( 1 + 14 T + 123 T^{2} + 1022 T^{3} + 5329 T^{4} )$$
$79$ $$( 1 - 10 T + 79 T^{2} )^{2}( 1 + 10 T + 21 T^{2} + 790 T^{3} + 6241 T^{4} )$$
$83$ $$( 1 - 30 T + 383 T^{2} - 2490 T^{3} + 6889 T^{4} )( 1 + 30 T + 383 T^{2} + 2490 T^{3} + 6889 T^{4} )$$
$89$ $$( 1 - 89 T^{2} + 7921 T^{4} )^{2}$$
$97$ $$( 1 - 2 T - 93 T^{2} - 194 T^{3} + 9409 T^{4} )( 1 + 2 T - 93 T^{2} + 194 T^{3} + 9409 T^{4} )$$