sage: from sage.modular.dirichlet import DirichletCharacter
sage: H = DirichletGroup(27)
sage: M = H._module
sage: chi = DirichletCharacter(H, M([11]))
pari: [g,chi] = znchar(Mod(23,27))
Basic properties
| sage: chi.conductor()
pari: znconreyconductor(g,chi)
| ||
| Modulus | = | 27 |
| Conductor | = | 27 |
| sage: chi.multiplicative_order()
pari: charorder(g,chi)
| ||
| Order | = | 18 |
| Real | = | no |
| sage: chi.is_primitive()
pari: #znconreyconductor(g,chi)==1 \\ if not primitive returns [cond,factorization]
| ||
| Primitive | = | yes |
| Minimal | = | yes |
| sage: chi.is_odd()
pari: zncharisodd(g,chi)
| ||
| Parity | = | odd |
| Orbit label | = | 27.f |
| Orbit index | = | 6 |
Galois orbit
sage: chi.galois_orbit()
pari: order = charorder(g,chi)
pari: [ charpow(g,chi, k % order) | k <-[1..order-1], gcd(k,order)==1 ]
\(\chi_{27}(2,\cdot)\) \(\chi_{27}(5,\cdot)\) \(\chi_{27}(11,\cdot)\) \(\chi_{27}(14,\cdot)\) \(\chi_{27}(20,\cdot)\) \(\chi_{27}(23,\cdot)\)
Values on generators
\(2\) → \(e\left(\frac{11}{18}\right)\)
Values
| -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 |
| \(-1\) | \(1\) | \(e\left(\frac{11}{18}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{2}{9}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{1}{18}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{7}{9}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{17}{18}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{8}{9}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{7}{18}\right)\) | \(e\left(\frac{4}{9}\right)\) |
Related number fields
| Field of values | \(\Q(\zeta_{9})\) |
Gauss sum
sage: chi.gauss_sum(a)
pari: znchargauss(g,chi,a)
\(\displaystyle \tau_{2}(\chi_{27}(23,\cdot)) = \sum_{r\in \Z/27\Z} \chi_{27}(23,r) e\left(\frac{2r}{27}\right) = -5.1873613552+-0.3021293936i \)
Jacobi sum
sage: chi.jacobi_sum(n)
\( \displaystyle J(\chi_{27}(23,\cdot),\chi_{27}(1,\cdot)) = \sum_{r\in \Z/27\Z} \chi_{27}(23,r) \chi_{27}(1,1-r) = 0 \)
Kloosterman sum
sage: chi.kloosterman_sum(a,b)
\( \displaystyle K(1,2,\chi_{27}(23,·))
= \sum_{r \in \Z/27\Z}
\chi_{27}(23,r) e\left(\frac{1 r + 2 r^{-1}}{27}\right)
= 0.0 \)